PSG has now won the prestigious trophy on fourteen separate occasions.
The Parisian giants needed a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a successful penalty shootout to overcome their arch-rivals in Kuwait and capture a fourth straight French Super Cup victory.
The European champions appeared to be sailing towards a comfortable win in the match featuring the French league champions and the Coupe de France holders after Ousmane Dembele found the scoring in the opening stages.
However, the southern French side fired two times late to seize a surprise advantage. Initially, Mason Greenwood scored from the spot-kick, before the defender inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking twist of fortune, the Portuguese striker grabbed a vital leveler in the final seconds to force the contest into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the hero, saving crucial kicks from O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all converted with composure for PSG to seal a 4-1 penalty win.
The record champions PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now won this trophy for the 12th time in the past 13 seasons.